adams



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1. H. 81: W. ADAMS.

BLAST PIPE FOR LOGOMOTIVE ENGINES.

No; 341,865. Patented May 18, 1886.

N PETERS. Pham'LnhL-grapher. Wnmmgkm, D. C.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

H. & W. ADAMS.

BLAST PIPE FOR LOGOMOTIVE ENGINES.

Patented May 18, 1886.

Fig. 5.

N4 PETER5, Fhmn-L'lllwkvaphur. Washingfian. D. C-

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3. H. & W. ADAMS,

BLAST PIPE FOR LOGOMOTIVE ENGINES. No. 341,865. Patented May 18, 1886.

HENRY ADAMS, OF LONDON, AND VVILLTAM ADAMS, OF NINE ELMS NITEMD Saree Parnni'r tribe.

COUNTY OF SURREY, ENGLAND.

BLAST-PIPE FOR LOCOMOTlVE-ENGINES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 3%.,865, dated May 18, 1886.

Application filed December 14, 18r5. Serial No. 185,596. (No model.)

1' 0 rtZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, HENRY Annals, of 60 Queen Victoria Street, in the city of London, England, civil and mechanical engineer, and WVILLIAM ADAMS, of Nine Elms,in the county of Surrey, England, locomotive engineer, subboiler. By our invention we render the action of the blast more effectual, generally, in accelerating the draft, and especially we render it more eficient in increasing the draft through the lower tubes of the boiler, where, with the ordinary blast-pipe,the draft is less rapid than it is through the upper tubes. At present the blastis usually discharged in a solid jet into the smoke box adjacent to the chimney through an orifice which is circular in section, and consequently the jet of steam issuing from it presents a comparatively small surface to engage with the products of combustion in the smoke-box, and so to carry them to the chimney. lVe increase this surface by so forming the jet that the steam issues in a thin sheet or annulus; but we are aware that it is not new to causethe discharge of steam around the upper end of a blast-pipe in a thin sheet or annulus, and we do not claim that, our invention being limited to certain improvements in which that feature is employed, and our design being especially to improve the draft through the lower tubes of a boiler-shell. In addition to this, we curve the elongated and narrow orifice,'as it is seen in plan, and this curvature maybe carried so far that at and near the top of the blast-pipe the ends of the orifice meet and form a complete annulus, while lower down is an open mouth leading into a cavity, from which the only outlet is through the center of the annular aperture and the jet issuing from it into the smoke box beneath the chimney. This open mouth, consequently, is exposed to a powerful suction, audit is immediately in front of the ends of the lower boiler-tubes, the draft through which it is desired to encourage. Screens may also be provided to insure that the draft into this month shall be supplied entirely or mainly by the lower boiler-tubes. WVe sometimes pro vide a movable mouth to avoid obstruction to the tubes. These blast-pipes reduce backpressure, and are useful, not only in locomotive-engines but elsewhere,when a jet of steam is employed to carry with it air or products of combustion.

In order that our said invention may be most fully understood and readily carried into effect, we will proceed to describe the drawings hereunto annexed.

In the drawings,Figure 1 is atransverse vertical section of a locomotiveengine to which our improved blast-pipe is applied. Fig. 2 is a vertical and longitudinal section of the fore part ofthesameengine. The enginehereshown is of the inside-cylinder type. Similar views of an engine of the outsidecylinder type are shown by Figs. 3 and 4. A

In the arrangement shown in Figs. 1 and 2 the steam passing from both the cylinders meets at the base of the blast-pipe at A. At the lower part the blast-pipeis convex in front and concave in rear, where it faces the ends of the boiler-tubes, and as the blast-pipe rises the curvature of the outer and inner surfaces increases until at B they meet, and the space between them becomes annular. The steam ascending from A between the two surfaces issues from the upper end of the blast-pipe in the form of a cylindrical or hollow jet intothe smoke box beneath the chimney. At the lower'part of the blast-pipe, in front of the lower boiler-tubes, there is an open mouth, 0, leading into the cavity of the annular upper part of the blast-pipe. The steam in issuing produces a strong draft through the mouth, consisting, in great part, of the gases issuing from the lower boiler-tubes. The draft of these tubes is thus improved, and also, gener-- ally, the draft of the boiler is improved in con sequence of the increased surface given to the jet of issuing steam, the steam being thus applied more efficiently to carry forward the products of combustion from the smoke-box into the chimney.

In Figs. 3 and 4 the steam is brought from the cylinders by two pipes, one from each cylinder. These unite at the top at B in a double ring, and they convey the steam into the annular space within the ring. In this case the mouth at G is at the lower end of a movable piece projecting downward from the double ring, and, as before, it faces the lower boilertubes. As before, the steam issuing from the ring in the form of an annular jet produces a brisk suction through the mouth, and this is supplied by the gases issuing from the lower boiler-tubes.

In place of forming the mouth 0 in a movable piece, as shown, a screen or screens may be otherwise arranged to direct the gases from n into the smoke-box as a long narrow slit, whether this slit be made endless and becomes an annulus or otherwise.

Arrangements such as above described for use in locomotives may also advantageously be applied in traction-engines and in portable and like engines, and are applicable in other cases in which it is desired to apply steam to impart motion efiiciently to air or other gases.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we claim is In an engine, the combination, with the boiler-fines, of a curved blast-pipe with its enlarged opening 0 in front of the forward ends of the lower boiler-tubes, surrounded at itstop by an annular steam-discharge orifice,

B, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

London, December 2, 1885.

HENRY ADAMS.- W'ILLIAM ADAMS.

England. 

